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The following is an introduction to hex bolts from multiple aspects such as performance, uses, and measurement:
Performance
Mechanical Properties
·Tensile Strength: The ability to resist tensile failure. Higher values indicate the bolt can withstand greater pulling forces. For example, a grade 10.9 bolt has higher tensile strength than a grade 8.8 bolt.
·Yield Strength: The stress value at which the material begins to undergo plastic deformation. It ensures the bolt does not suffer permanent deformation under certain external forces, thus guaranteeing connection stability.
·Hardness: Reflects the ability to resist scratches, indentation, etc. Higher hardness reduces wear on the bolt head and threads, improving service life and connection reliability.
·Total Elongation: Indicates the bolt’s deformation capacity during tension. A certain elongation allows the bolt to have some buffering capacity under stress, avoiding brittle fracture.
Other Properties
·Fatigue Resistance: The ability to withstand multiple cycles of repeated alternating loads without fatigue fracture, suitable for connecting mechanical components subject to frequent vibration.
·Corrosion Resistance: Hex bolts made of stainless steel or with surface treatments such as galvanizing can effectively resist corrosion in humid, acidic, alkaline, or other harsh environments, maintaining stable performance.
·nterchangeability: Hex bolts of the same specification and model from different brands can generally be replaced with each other.
Uses
Industrial Field
·Mechanical Manufacturing: Used for assembling various equipment such as machine tools, engines, and industrial robots, connecting components like gears, shafts, and casings.
·Automotive Manufacturing: Assembling and fixing components in automotive engines, transmissions, suspensions, chassis, etc.
·Aerospace: Connecting aircraft wings to fuselages, engines to wings or fuselages, as well as structural components in spacecraft.
·Power Equipment: Assembling and fixing power equipment such as transformers, power distribution cabinets, and transmission towers.
Construction Field
·Steel Structure Construction: Connecting steel structural components such as steel beams, columns, and purlins to ensure structural stability.
·Concrete Construction: Fixing formworks, embedded parts, and securing door/window frames, curtain wall keels, etc., in architectural decoration projects.
Other Fields
· Electronics and Appliances: Fixing internal components in electronic products such as computers, mobile phones, and home appliances, including circuit boards, casings, and radiators.
·Furniture Manufacturing: Connecting frames and fixing components in panel furniture and solid wood furniture.
· Pipeline Installation: Connecting pipeline flanges and fixing valves and pipe fittings in pipeline systems for petroleum, chemical, water supply, and drainage.
Measurement
Thread Diameter Measurement
·Direct Measurement: Use a caliper to directly measure the outer diameter of the bolt thread, and the read value is the major diameter of the thread.
·Indirect Measurement: For bolts with high precision requirements, a thread micrometer can be used to measure the pitch diameter. By measuring values at different positions and taking the average, a more accurate pitch diameter can be obtained.
Bolt Length Measurement
·Overall Length: Use a caliper or ruler to measure from the top of the bolt head to the end of the bolt tail, which gives the overall length of the bolt, including the height of the head and the length of the thread.
·Thread Length: Measure from the starting position of the thread to the ending position to obtain the length of the threaded part, excluding the bolt head.
Hex Head Size Measurement
·Width Across Flats: Use a caliper or a special hex width measuring tool to measure the distance between two opposite sides of the hex head to ensure the size complies with standards.
·Width Across Corners: Measure the distance between two opposite corners of the hex head, which can help determine whether the shape and size of the hex head are correct.
Pitch Measurement
·Simple Measurement: Use a caliper to measure the total length of multiple pitches and then divide by the number of pitches to obtain the average pitch.
·Professional Measurement: Professional measuring equipment such as a tool microscope can be used to more accurately measure the pitch, as well as parameters such as the thread profile angle and helix angle.
Specifications and Materials
Specifications
·Common thread specifications include M3, M4, M5, M6, M8, M10, M12, M16, M18, M20, etc., with a diameter range generally between 5mm and 20mm and a length range between 8mm and 200mm.
Materials
·Carbon Steel: Such as A3 steel, 1008, and 1015. It is low-cost, with good strength and toughness, suitable for general mechanical and construction applications.

·Stainless Steel: Such as SUS304 and SUS316. It has strong corrosion resistance and is used in food machinery, medical equipment, chemical industry, and other occasions with high anti-corrosion requirements.
·Alloy Steel: Such as 35, 40 chromium molybdenum, and SCM435. By adding alloying elements, it has special properties such as high strength and high toughness, suitable for occasions with high material requirements.